DG Peptide Protocols
EmergingCognitiveLongevity

P21

P021

P021 | CNTF-Derived Neurogenic Peptide

Half-life
Over 3 hours (mouse plasma)
Chain length
4 amino acids (CNTF-derived core; modified)
Reference frequency
Daily in animal research protocols

Research overview

DoseGear research brief

P21 is a nootropic peptide derived from ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) that enhances neurogenesis and cognitive function. It contains an adamantane moiety that enables blood-brain barrier penetration. Research shows it increases BDNF expression, inhibits LIF signaling to promote neurogenesis, and reduces tau and amyloid pathology in Alzheimer's disease models. Remarkably, P21 can boost neurogenesis in diseased brains above levels seen in healthy untreated brains.

Mechanism of action

P21 operates through multiple pathways: it inhibits leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) signaling, removing a key roadblock to neurogenesis and shifting the brain toward a more embryologic state favoring neuron growth. It increases brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression and activates the BDNF/TrkB/PI3-K/AKT/GSK3β pathway. This pathway modulation improves cognitive function and reduces tau and amyloid pathologies.

Compound background

Development & research timeline

Study windows describe what researchers measured, not when an individual should expect a result.

Origin & development

Synthetic peptide associated with CNTF-derived neurotrophic research.

What it is researched for

Preclinical cognition and neurogenesis research with proposed neurotrophic and BDNF-associated effects.

Research observation window

Not reported in the reviewed compound-specific evidence.

Reference data

Lyophilized vial injectable protocols

Not personalized dosing instructions

Only injectable vial references are shown. Nasal, topical, and unsupported non-vial schedules are excluded.

No sourced lyophilized-vial injectable protocol is listed for this profile.

Safety context

Reported side effects

  • Limited data - primarily preclinical research
  • Generally well-tolerated in animal studies

Contraindications & cautions

  • Not approved for human use
  • Pregnancy or breastfeeding
  • Unknown safety profile in humans

Scientific references

  1. 01

    P021 Treatment in 3xTg-AD Mice

    Scientific citationP021 Treatment in 3xTg-AD Mice. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease (2018).
  2. 02

    P21 and BDNF/TrkB Pathway

    Scientific citationP21 and BDNF/TrkB Pathway. Neuropharmacology (2019).
  3. 03

    P21 in Cognitive Aging

    Scientific citationP21 in Cognitive Aging. Neurobiology of Aging (2017).
  4. 04

    P21 as Promising AD Drug Candidate

    Scientific citationP21 as Promising AD Drug Candidate. Alzheimer's Research & Therapy (2020).

This DoseGear profile combines published scientific literature with lyophilized-vial protocol references. Citations are provided for independent review.

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